Staphylococus (MRSA) Clinical Effects... Refferences... Laboratory Works...

 

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History of the Silver...

Silver is a precious metal especially
known by Mediterrian Seaside
countries people from before
Christ (B.C.) 4000 year (2). The
antimicrobial effect of silver ions
were known during many centuries (2).

Summerian, covered the metal water carriages with silver to use fresh water. After Christ at 8th century, the
Arabian healers used the silver as treatment drug (1). Ibni Sina at the 980 year treated own patients with silver consisting drugs (3). At the Old West villagers puted the silver coins into milk for long term protection. For the treatment of Syphilis and Epilepsia the silver contained drugs used long period in medicine (2).

 

Nowadays Silver in Use...

What is the place of the silver in the human biologic metabolism is not known well till now. Today silver is used
mainly at aviation, electronics and telecomunication areas. Especially its resistans is lower so it is prefered in this
area (2).
In the health sector silver is used mainly in the dentistry. Here it seen as teeth inlay. Especially in the general medicine it used for burn wound topically. High
degree concentrate preparates uses for coterisation of the wounds.

 

Effect Mechanysms...

Silver is an oligodynamic metal. It emissions the ions on it
spontaneously. And these ions are antibacterial. Cupper, Zink, Gold and some other metals have oligodynamic activity, but they heve not superior advantage due to silver because their prices or toxicity is high. Silver, is inactivates the sulphydril enzymes in biolgic place, amino, imidasole, carboxyl and phosphate groups do compound with silver(2). From this specific position especially it supresses mithosis and DNA replication on the eucariotes. At one study P.aeroginosae bacteria the scientists showed the silver ions bounded on the DNA and stopped the replication of the bacteries during mythosis (9). The selective semipermeability of the cell was disturbed by silver and the cell distends at the end dies (5). It begins to do reaction with proteins at bone and teeth tissue, and this activity is disturbes the regrow up of the proteolytic bacteria (8).

At the another study with E.Coli showed the silver inhibits glucose, gliserole, fumarate, succinate, D-lactate and LLactate oxidation and affected the energy metabolysm of the bacteria (6). At the different study showed B-galactosidase enzyme inhibited by silver (7) and caused the cell dying like this. These findings showed the silver ions have bacteriostatic and bacterisid on the bacteria.

 

Efficacy of Silver-Coated Medical Devices

Abstract

Silver coating of medical devices is believed to prevent device-associated infection. Several in-vitro and in-vivo studies, as well as clinical observations on silver—nylon, silver-intramedullary pins, silver oxide Foley catheters and silver-coated vascular prostheses have been performed during the past 30 years. Nevertheless, randomized clinical studies showing efficacy...CLICK


Refferences

  1. W.R. Hill and D.M. Pilisbury, Argyria: The Pharmacology of Silver, Yhe Williams and Wilkinss Company, Baltimore, MD. 1939
  2. Berman E; Toxic metals and their analyses, Heyden International Topices in Science Edited by Thomas LC, Chapter 25, 121-145, 1980.
  3. S. Ayres, Arc. Derm. Syph. 38, 645, 1938
  4. E.I. Hamilton, M.J. Minksi and Cleary, Sci. Total Environ, 1, 341, 1972.
  5. Aydın M., Günay I., Köksal F., Serin MS., Pelit.; Silver anode,
    induced Phenotypical Changes in Bacteria. Ann. Med. Sci. 1997, 7, 15-19.
  6. Bragg, P.D. and D.J. Rainnie, The effect of silver ions on the
    respiratory chain of Escherchia cole, Can.J., Microbial. 20:883-
    889, 1974.
  7. Chawlishaw, T., Spadaro J.A., Becker R.O. Inhibitionof enzyme Induction in E.coli by Anodic Silver. J., Microbial. 20 883-889, 1974.
  8. Aydın M., Dis Apselerinde Gümüs Anot Uygulaması, Ç.Ü. Dis Hekimliği Fakültesi, Mikrobiyoloji Yan Dal Bitirme Tezi, 1996.
  9. Modak S.M. Fox C.L. Binding of Silver Sylfadizine to the celluler
    Components of Pseudomonas Aeroginosa, Biochem Pharmac. 22; 2391-2404, 1973.